DEMONSTRATIVE / LE DEMONSTRATIF

 

DEMONSTRATIVE ADJECTIVE / L'ADJECTIF DEMONSTRATIF

1. English examples: this cat, that ugly sweater

2. Demonstrative adjectives agree with the nounthey modify.

   1. Must be repeated before all nouns in a series: Cethomme, ces gargons, et cette tille sont venus.

   2. To distinguish between this and that or these andthose: add -ci and -la to the nouns, respectively: Lequel preteres-tu, ce chien-d ou ce chien-la? Which do you prefer, this dog or that dog?)

		Masculine		Feminine
singular		ce ce garcon cet cet homme		cette cette fille cetta idee
Plural		ces ces hommes ces idees

 

DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS / LE PRONOM DEMONSTRATIF

1. English: This one, that one, these ones, those ones, this, that

2. Personal demonstratives:Celul, celle, ceux, and celles are ceiui celle never used alone. They are used in the following construetions:

   1. With -ci and -la to mean this one, that one OR the latter the former. J'aime celui-d plus que celui-la. (I like the latter better than the former.)

   2. With the relative pronouns qui, que, and donf: celle qui est la; ceux que je vois; celles dont je parle (the one that is there; those that I see; the ones of which I speak)

   3. With preposition phrases beginning with de: Celul de Marie est plus neut que le mien. (Marie's is newer than mine.)

3. Impersonal demonstratives:

   1. Ced, cela (this; that): Cela m'interesse. (That interests me.) Cela contracts to ca.

   2. Ce is used with etre in many cases, including:

      1. Before proper nouns; pronouns; modified nouns: C'est Pierre; C'est moi; C'est unpauvre type.

      2. With dates: C'est vendredi; C'est le seize mai

      3. with a masculine singular adjective to express general sentiment: C'est terrible! Before adjective + d+ infinitive: C'estbon asavoir.

      4. Before a superlative: Ce sont les plus torts; C'est la meilleure dinde du monde.

      5. To recap a clause introduced by ce qui, ce que, ce donf: Ce qui m'enerve, c'estton visage.

		Masc.		Ferm.
		celui		celle
		ceux		celles